What does GFCI stand for and what is its function?

The term GFCI stands for Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter. Its primary function is to protect people from electric shock by detecting ground faults, which occur when there is an unintended path between the source of current and the grounded surface. When a ground fault is detected—often due to water or a faulty appliance—the GFCI rapidly disconnects the electrical circuit, significantly reducing the risk of serious injury. This is especially critical in areas where moisture is present, such as bathrooms and kitchens, where the likelihood of a ground fault occurring is higher.

The other options mischaracterize the device. While preventing overheating is a concern in electrical systems, it is not the focus of GFCI devices. Also, regulating circuit frequency does not apply to GFCIs; their primary purpose is not related to frequency management of electrical circuits. Finally, while signaling current fluctuations might refer to other types of electrical indicators, it does not accurately describe the protective function of a GFCI, which is specifically about interrupting the circuit to avoid danger from ground faults.