What is the primary function of a transformer in electrical systems?

The primary function of a transformer in electrical systems is to increase or decrease voltage levels. Transformers operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction and are crucial for adjusting voltage levels to minimize energy losses in transmission and distribution systems. By stepping up voltage for long-distance transmission, transformers help in reducing the current flow, which in turn decreases the resistive losses that occur in the conductors. Conversely, transformers can also step down voltage levels for safe use in residential and commercial applications. This ability to modify voltage levels is essential for efficient power distribution across different segments of the electrical grid, ensuring that electrical energy is delivered safely and effectively to consumers.